Home / Examples / Electromagnetic Analysis [Hertz] / Example 10: Coil Formed in a Substrate

Example 10: Coil Formed in a Substrate

General

The frequency response of a coil formed in a substrate is solved.
Unless specified in the list below, the default conditions will be applied.

[How to Reduce the Calculation Time]

Analysis Space

Item	Settings
Analysis Space	3D
Model Unit	mm

Analysis Conditions

Item	Settings
Solver	Electromagnetic Analysis [Hertz]
Analysis Type	Harmonic Analysis

Harmonic Analysis tab and Open Boundary tab are set as follows.

Tab	Setting Item	Settings
Mesh Tab	Element Type	2nd-order Element
	Multigrid/Adaptive Mesh Method	Select [Apply the adaptive meshing].
	Frequency-Dependent Meshing	Reference frequency: 5x109 [Hz] Select [The conductor bodies thicker than the skin depth constitute the boundary condition]. The surface of Metal is treated as the boundary condition having some loss, as Metal is thicker than the skin depth.
Harmonic analysis	Sweep Type	Select [Linear Step by Division Number]
	Sweep Setting	Minimum: 1×109 [Hz] Maximum: 10x109 [Hz] Division Number: 10
	Sweep Setting	Select Fast Sweep S-Parameter Tolerance: 1x10-3
	Input	1.0 [W]
Open Boundary	Type	Absorbing Boundary
Open Boundary	Order of Absorbing Boundary	1st-order

Model

A coil (METAL) of a solid body is created inside a substrate (SUB). The ports (PORT1,PORT2) are set on the substrate faces where coil leads come out. Other substrate faces are set with the outer boundary condition to [Electric Wall].

Body Attributes and Materials

Body Number/Type	Body Attribute Name	Material Name
0/Solid	SUB	006_Glass_epoxy *
4/Solid	METAL	003_Ag *
8/Solid	METAL	003_Ag *
14/Solid	METAL	003_Ag *
15/Solid	METAL	003_Ag *
16/Solid	METAL	003_Ag *

* Available from the material DB

Boundary Conditions

Boundary Condition Name/Topology	Tab	Boundary Condition Type	Settings
PORT1/Face	Electric	Port	Reference Impedance: Select [Specify] and enter 50 ohms. Number of Modes Number of Precalculated Modes: 5 Number of Modes Used in the Actual 3D Analysis: 1 Select Modes: None
PORT2/Face	Electric	Port	Same as Above.
Outer Boundary Condition	Electric	Electric Wall	N/A

Results

The frequency response of S11 and S22 is shown below.