Example6 Patch Antenna

General

The characteristics of a patch antenna are analyzed.
The S-parameters at the feeding port are solved.
Unless specified in the list below, the default conditions will be applied.
The output of field data is switched off.
That reduces the size of results file.
[How to Reduce the Calculation Time]

Analysis Space

Item	Settings
Analysis Space	3D
Model unit	mm

Analysis Conditions

Item	Settings
Solvers	Electromagnetic Analysis [Hertz]
Analysis Type	Harmonic analysis
Options	Select “Ignore the influence of face/edge electrode thickness” * Field Data to Save: Don’t save **

* This is the default setting.
The thickness of patch antenna electrode is ignored, which is effectively the same as the conductive wall boundary condition set on sheet body

** In this session, we are interested in S-parameters only.

Therefore the output of field data is opted out.
That reduces the size of result file.

Mesh tab, Harmonic analysis tab and Open boundary tab are set as follows.

Tab	Setting Item	Settings
Mesh Tab	Element type	2nd-order element
	Multigrid/Adaptive Mesh Method	Select [Use the adaptive mesh method].
	Frequency-Dependent Meshing	Reference frequency: 10×10^9[Hz] Select “The conductor bodies thicker than the skin depth constitute the boundary condition.” There are no conductive solid bodies in this analysis model. Therefore the setting above is irrelevant.
Harmonic analysis	Frequency	Minimum: 1×10^9[Hz] Maximum: 10×10^9[Hz]
	Sweep Type	Select Linear step Division number: 200
	Sweep Setting	Select Fast sweep S-parameters variation: 1×10^-3
	Input	1.0[W]
Open boundary	Type	Absorbing boundary
Open boundary	Order of Absorbing Boundary	1st degree

Model

Antenna pattern (Metal) is created on a circular substrate (sub).

It is covered with the hemispherical air (AIR). The open boundary (OPEN) is set on the hemisphere.

An imprinting body is defined at the feeding point, where the I/O port boundary condition is set. The bottom face of the substrate (sub) is set with the boundary condition of Electric wall.

Body Attributes and Materials

You may give the thickness to METAL in the body attribute. That does not affect the simulation.
(Related information: Analysis Condition, Electromagnetic Analysis tab, and “Ignore the influence of face/edge electrode thickness”)

Body Number/Type	Body Attribute Name	Material Name
0/Solid	AIR	000_Air(*)
1/Sheet	METAL	003_Ag *
2/Solid	sub	006_Glass_epoxy *
3/Sheet	METAL	003_Ag *
4/Sheet	Imprinting body

* Available from the Material DB

Boundary Conditions

The bottom face of the substrate (sub) is set with the boundary condition of “Electric wall”.

Boundary Condition Name/Topology	Tab	Boundary Condition Type	Settings
PORT/Face	Electric	I/O Port	Reference Impedance: Select “Specify” and enter 50[Ohm]. Number of Modes Number of precalculated modes: 5 Number of modes used in the actual analysis: 1 Select modes: none
OPEN/Face	Electric	Open boundary
Outer Boundary Condition	Electric	Electric wall

Results

S-parameter S11 at the feeding point is shown below.

It is matched at 5.4GHz.

- See [Exercise 7: Dipole Antenna].
- See also [Electromagnetic Waves Directivity].

See other Electromagnetic Analysis examples.